| Taps Performance Guidelines, Page 3 |
Sounding Taps at Ceremonies
As a bugler, you may be asked to sound Taps at a funeral, memorial service, or wreath-laying ceremony. With the number of veterans funerals rising
and the number of active-duty military buglers declining, many non-military musicians are asked to perform at the services. The following are
guidelines I have written based on the procedures followed by military buglers over many decades. I have modified them to cover those civilian
buglers who may be called into service to sound Taps at funerals or memorial services.
As a bugler, you may be asked to sound Taps at a funeral, memorial service, or wreath-laying ceremony. With the number of veterans funerals rising
and the number of active-duty military buglers declining, many non-military musicians are asked to perform at the services. The following are
guidelines I have written based on the procedures followed by military buglers over many decades. I have modified them to cover those civilian
buglers who may be called into service to sound Taps at funerals or memorial services.
1. Bugler is to prepare before the funeral, making sure to have the proper uniform and outerwear in case of inclement weather.
Uniform, appearance, and instrument should meet or exceed the military standards as outlined in regulations. That is, make sure you look
neat and presentable. A dark suit, quasi-military uniform (without rank), civilian band uniform, or Boy Scout uniform is acceptable. Retired
military members may wear their uniforms. (Note: The provisions of Title 10, Section 771 of the U.S. Code prohibit the wearing of the
uniform or a distinctive part of the uniform of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, or Air Force or of a uniform any part of which is similar to a
distinctive part of such uniform by a person who is not a member of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, or Air Force.)
2. Bugler is to report promptly to the funeral site at the appropriate time and report to the Officer In Charge (OIC) or Non-Commissioned
Officer In Charge (NCOIC). If you are a civilian bugler performing at a military ceremony, always check in with that person to coordinate
when Taps is to be sounded.
3. Bugler is to position him/herself near the gravesite, angled from the firing party (ideally the bugler, firing party, and funeral party will
form the three points of a triangle). The bugler should take care to stand in a location where the sound will carry to the funeral party and
where he/she can be seen. The bell of the instrument should be pointed toward the casket.
4. Bugler will render a Hand Salute as the casket is carried to the gravesite. If you are in civilian dress, place your right hand over your
heart. The bugler will stand at ease during the funeral service.
5. When the service is complete, the OIC or NCOIC will Present Arms. The firing party will come to attention and fire three volleys. Bugler
will sound Taps after the third volley and after the NCOIC of the firing party executes Present Arms. After sounding Taps, the bugler will
render a Hand Salute (if in civilian dress, place your right hand over your heart) and Order Arms (bring the bugle down to your side as the
firing party does with their rifles) on the command of the NCOIC of the firing party.
6. When a firing party is not available, the bugler will sound Taps on completion of the service and at an arranged signal by either the OIC,
NCOIC, or officiating person. After sounding Taps, the bugler will render a Hand Salute and Order Arms on his/her own. A recording of a
firing party should not be used.
Uniform, appearance, and instrument should meet or exceed the military standards as outlined in regulations. That is, make sure you look
neat and presentable. A dark suit, quasi-military uniform (without rank), civilian band uniform, or Boy Scout uniform is acceptable. Retired
military members may wear their uniforms. (Note: The provisions of Title 10, Section 771 of the U.S. Code prohibit the wearing of the
uniform or a distinctive part of the uniform of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, or Air Force or of a uniform any part of which is similar to a
distinctive part of such uniform by a person who is not a member of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, or Air Force.)
2. Bugler is to report promptly to the funeral site at the appropriate time and report to the Officer In Charge (OIC) or Non-Commissioned
Officer In Charge (NCOIC). If you are a civilian bugler performing at a military ceremony, always check in with that person to coordinate
when Taps is to be sounded.
3. Bugler is to position him/herself near the gravesite, angled from the firing party (ideally the bugler, firing party, and funeral party will
form the three points of a triangle). The bugler should take care to stand in a location where the sound will carry to the funeral party and
where he/she can be seen. The bell of the instrument should be pointed toward the casket.
4. Bugler will render a Hand Salute as the casket is carried to the gravesite. If you are in civilian dress, place your right hand over your
heart. The bugler will stand at ease during the funeral service.
5. When the service is complete, the OIC or NCOIC will Present Arms. The firing party will come to attention and fire three volleys. Bugler
will sound Taps after the third volley and after the NCOIC of the firing party executes Present Arms. After sounding Taps, the bugler will
render a Hand Salute (if in civilian dress, place your right hand over your heart) and Order Arms (bring the bugle down to your side as the
firing party does with their rifles) on the command of the NCOIC of the firing party.
6. When a firing party is not available, the bugler will sound Taps on completion of the service and at an arranged signal by either the OIC,
NCOIC, or officiating person. After sounding Taps, the bugler will render a Hand Salute and Order Arms on his/her own. A recording of a
firing party should not be used.
Bugle or Trumpet?
What type of instrument should you use for sounding Taps? A trumpet, cornet, or flugelhorn is a good substitute for a bugle when one is not
available. Don't use a trombone or saxophone (it's been tried), as this is a bugle call. Finding a good bugle can be a problem but there are places to
check. Refer to Bugles for Performing and Collecting for types of bugles to use.
The Army is the only service that still uses bugles (made by Bach Stradivarius, and now by Stomvi) to sound Taps at Arlington National Cemetery.
These bugles are based on the regulation 1892 model, but pitched in B flat. The other services use regular B flat valved trumpets except for the U.S.
Marine Drum and Bugle Corps (who perform at Standard Honors Funerals at ANC); they use two-valved bugles pitched in G.
What type of instrument should you use for sounding Taps? A trumpet, cornet, or flugelhorn is a good substitute for a bugle when one is not
available. Don't use a trombone or saxophone (it's been tried), as this is a bugle call. Finding a good bugle can be a problem but there are places to
check. Refer to Bugles for Performing and Collecting for types of bugles to use.
The Army is the only service that still uses bugles (made by Bach Stradivarius, and now by Stomvi) to sound Taps at Arlington National Cemetery.
These bugles are based on the regulation 1892 model, but pitched in B flat. The other services use regular B flat valved trumpets except for the U.S.
Marine Drum and Bugle Corps (who perform at Standard Honors Funerals at ANC); they use two-valved bugles pitched in G.
Other Logistics to Consider
Any fee charged should cover the time needed to travel and expenses incurred as part of the performance. Even though Taps takes less than a
minute to play, time is needed to find the cemetery, meet with the funeral director or person in charge of the ceremony and drive home. This
does not count the time spent in getting information about the funeral and waiting for the funeral party to arrive at the cemetery. Sometimes you
may wind up waiting for a few hours if a church service runs long.
My advice is to get as much information ahead of time as possible about the time of the service at the church or funeral home, the address of the
cemetery, and phone numbers just in case of transportation problems. Finding the cemetery on a map or through a search on the computer is
helpful too.
Remember - you can be two hours early for Taps but you can't be two minutes late!
Any fee charged should cover the time needed to travel and expenses incurred as part of the performance. Even though Taps takes less than a
minute to play, time is needed to find the cemetery, meet with the funeral director or person in charge of the ceremony and drive home. This
does not count the time spent in getting information about the funeral and waiting for the funeral party to arrive at the cemetery. Sometimes you
may wind up waiting for a few hours if a church service runs long.
My advice is to get as much information ahead of time as possible about the time of the service at the church or funeral home, the address of the
cemetery, and phone numbers just in case of transportation problems. Finding the cemetery on a map or through a search on the computer is
helpful too.
Remember - you can be two hours early for Taps but you can't be two minutes late!
Overall Performance Guidelines
1. The sounding of Taps at ceremonies is the most sacred duty a bugler can perform. Every effort should be made to sound a perfect Taps in
keeping with the solemn and impressive occasion of a military ceremony.
2. The call should be sounded with conviction and not rushed. Every effort should be made to perform musically and with good intonation.
3. Careful attention should be paid to the rhythm of the seventh, eighth, tenth, eleventh, thirteenth, and fourteenth notes of Taps to ensure
that they are played as straight eighth notes.
1. The sounding of Taps at ceremonies is the most sacred duty a bugler can perform. Every effort should be made to sound a perfect Taps in
keeping with the solemn and impressive occasion of a military ceremony.
2. The call should be sounded with conviction and not rushed. Every effort should be made to perform musically and with good intonation.
3. Careful attention should be paid to the rhythm of the seventh, eighth, tenth, eleventh, thirteenth, and fourteenth notes of Taps to ensure
that they are played as straight eighth notes.
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